Relationship quality and 5-year mortality
risk.
Pages 633-641. Bookwala, Jamila; Gaugler, Trent.e criticism
heightens the risk of mortality in older Americans. It’s important that we assess the quality of
relationships in a person’s life to see if interventions to reduce relationship
conflict are called for.
Impulsivity and midlife cardiometabolic risk: The role of maladaptive health behaviors.
Pages 642-654. Emery, Rebecca L.; Levine, Michele D.; Creswell, Kasey G.; Wright, Aidan G. C.; Marsland, Anna L.; Matthews, Karen A.; Flory, Janine D.; Manuck, Stephen B. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000884
Two personality factors affected risk; extraversion reduced and neuroticism increased. These outcomes are likely related to the basic cognitive behavioral principle that how we think about things foretells behavior and predicts outcomes. We act out what we are to become long before we get there.
Affect variability and inflammatory markers
in midlife adults.
Pages 655-666. Jones, Dusti R.; Smyth,
Joshua M.; Engeland, Christopher G.; Sliwinski, Martin J.; Russell, Michael A.;
Sin, Nancy L.; Almeida, David M.; Graham-Engeland, Jennifer E. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000868
Affect can be
looked at as stimulation and, in this case, level of and variability around
mean positive and negative affect, high and low, impacted inflammatory markers.
These mixed outcomes reinforce the fact
that psychology affects biology and the reverse. In this case quasi-personality
factors like resilience (neuroticism) and internal vs. external locus of
control (extraversion) may be drivers that influence biological inflammation
that can have a negative impact on health. This may be one of the drivers of
the poorer health outcomes of those with mental health disorders; extremes of
affect in things like Major Depression Anxiety and Bipolar disorders. Fortunately these would-be personality
factors are not fixed traits and respond well to cognitive behavioral
therapies.
A cluster randomized controlled trial of a
positive physical activity intervention.
Pages 667-678. Ho, Henry C. Y.; Mui, Moses
Wai-keung; Wan, Alice; Yew, Carol Wing-see; Lam, Tai Hing. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000885
Couching physical activity in a positive frame within
a community altered the collective meaning of taking part in physical
activity. This project built upon the
basic research on the effect community norms have on individual thoughts and
actions. This basic principle also
supports the role that 12-step community’s play in changing minds; imbedding
oneself and engaging with alternative community norms supports the new
behaviors and outcomes of a recovery trajectory and thus research support for
the guidance to “change people, places and things.”
Psychometric properties of the Adulthood
Trauma Inventory.
Pages 679-688. Wittbrodt, Matthew T.;
Vaccarino, Viola; Shah, Amit J.; Mayer, Emeran A.; Bremner, J. Douglas. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000856
The psychometrics support
the assumption that the more trauma experienced, the greater the likelihood of
meeting the diagnostic criteria for depression and/or PTSD. This is consistent with the research on Adult
Childhood Experiences (ACES). Cognitive
treatments, exposure, CBT for Trauma, ACT, all work toward the integration of
traumatic experiences in ways that reduce intrusive thoughts and allow for
moving forward more productively.
Daily illness appraisal and collaboration in
couples with type 1 diabetes.
Pages 689-699. Berg, Cynthia A.; Helgeson,
Vicki S.; Tracy, Eunjin Lee; Butner, Jonathan E.; Kelly, Caitlin S.; Van Vleet,
Meredith; Litchman, Michelle L. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000871
The outcome here reinforce
cautions that efforts to be helpful can have negative effects by raising
defenses and/or diminishing self-efficacy; e.g. unsolicited advice. Motivational
Interviewing and Scott Miller’s thoughts on “the client’s theory of change”
counter the tendencies to tell people what they “should” do that have contrary
outcomes.
Biopsychosocial predictors of trajectories
of postpartum sexual function in first-time mothers.
Pages 700-710. Dawson, Samantha J.;
Vaillancourt-Morel, Marie-Pier; Pierce, Marianne; Rosen, Natalie O. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000861
Health-related behaviors,
socioeconomic factors, and environmental factors are by for the greatest
contributors to health outcomes and thus it is not surprising that psychosocial
factors were significantly associated with not experiencing significant
problems, biomedical factors were not.
The purpose of the psychosocial history is to determine contextual
elements that may be contributing to distress to avoid pathologizing someone
with a diagnosis, the cause of their own symptoms. Empathy, unconditional positive regard and
congruence are (Carl Rogers) are the healing factors.
Type D personality and global positioning
system tracked social behavior in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Pages 711-720. Habibović, Mirela; Gavidia, Giovana; Broers, Eva; Wetzels,
Mart; Ayoola, Idowu; Ribas, Vicent; Piera-Jimenez, Jordi; Widdershoven, Jos;
Denollet, Johan. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000823
Inhibitions rooted in personality
traits may lead to increased isolation over time through the reinforcement of
avoidant behavior; the avoidance of perceived stressful situations serves as
its own reward by reducing stress.
Approach (exposure and cognitive processing), as opposed to avoidance,
offers alternative and, if framed correctly, greater rewords in the experience
of an increased sense of control and experience of mastery.
Numeracy
and memory for risk probabilities and risk outcomes depicted on cigarette
warning labels.
Pages 721-730. Shoots-Reinhard, Brittany; Erford, Breann; Romer, Daniel;
Evans, Abigail T.; Shoben, Abigail; Klein, Elizabeth G.; Peters, Ellen. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000879
The findings that more numerate and
educated smokers may be better able to quit is consistent with the demographics
of smokers; less educated, exhibit psychological distress.
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